Category: iron-catalyst

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A direct synthesis of alpha-alkylated arylacetamides from arylacetonitriles and primary alcohols has been accomplished for the first time. In the presence of the rhodium complex [Rh(cod)Cl]2/triphenylphosphine/potassium hydroxide system, the desired alpha-alkylated arylacetamides were obtained in 74-92% yield under microwave conditions. The experimental results in this paper are in sharp contrast with previous reports, where the coupling of arylacetonitriles and primary alcohols produced the alpha-alkylated arylacetonitriles. Mechanistic investigations show that arylacetonitriles are first alpha-alkylated with primary alcohols to produce alpha-alkylated arylacetonitriles, which are further hydrated with the water resulting from the alpha-alkylation step to produce alpha-alkylated arylacetamides. More importantly, this research shows the potential of developing completely atom-economical reactions that involve the hydrogen autotransfer (or hydrogen borrowing) process.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

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Background: Tight regulation of heme homeostasis is a critical mechanism in pathogenic bacteria since heme functions as iron source and prosthetic group, but is also toxic at elevated concentrations. Hemolysin-activating lysine-acyltransferase (HlyC) from Escherichia coli is crucial for maturation of hemolysin A, which lyses several mammalian cells including erythrocytes liberating large amounts of heme for bacterial uptake. A possible impact and functional consequences of the released heme on events employing bacterial HlyC have remained unexplored. Methods: Heme binding to HlyC was investigated using UV/vis and SPR spectroscopy. Functional impact of heme association was examined using an in vitro hemolysis assay. The interaction was further studied by homology modeling, molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Results: We identified HlyC as potential heme-binding protein possessing heme-regulatory motifs. Using wild-type protein and a double alanine mutant we demonstrated that heme binds to HlyC via histidine 151 (H151). We could show further that heme inhibits the enzymatic activity of wild-type HlyC. Computational studies illustrated potential interaction sites in addition to H151 confirming the results from spectroscopy indicating more than one heme-binding site. Conclusions: Taken together, our results reveal novel insights into heme-protein interactions and regulation of a component of the heme uptake system in one of the major causative agents of urinary tract infections in humans. General significance: This study points to a possible novel mechanism of regulation as present in many uropathogenic E. coli strains at an early stage of heme iron acquisition from erythrocytes for subsequent internalization by the bacterial heme-uptake machinery.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

Chemical engineers ensure the efficiency and safety of chemical processes, adapt the chemical make-up of products to meet environmental or economic needs, and apply new technologies to improve existing processes. Recommanded Product: 1273-94-5. Catalysts allow a reaction to proceed via a pathway that has a lower activation energy than the uncatalyzed reaction. Introducing a new discovery about 1273-94-5, Name is 1,1′-Diacetylferrocene

The structures adopted by a range of hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl) methane complexes [ML2{HC(pz?)3}]+ (M = Rh, Ir; L2 = diene) have been investigated. There is low steric hindrance between ligands in [Rh(eta-nbd){HC(pz?)3}] + (nbd = norbornadiene) and [Rh(eta-dmbd){HC(pz?) 3}]+ (dmbd = 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene) resulting in kappa3 co-ordination of the pyrazolylmethane. The complexes [M(eta-cod){HC(pz?)3}]+ (cod = cycloocta-1,5-diene) (M = Rh, Ir) are kappa2 co-ordinated with the free pyrazolyl ring positioned above and approximately parallel to the square plane about rhodium or iridium. The HC(pz?)3 complexes undergo fast exchange of the co-ordinated and unco-ordinated pyrazolyl rings on the NMR spectroscopic timescale. However, for [Rh(eta-dmbd){HC(pz?) 3}]+, the fluxional process is slowed at low temperatures, so that inequivalent pyrazolyl rings may be observed. A mechanism for the fluxional process is proposed involving dynamic interconversion between isomeric forms in solution. The bonding mode of the HC(pz?)3 ligand can be determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. The 13C chemical shifts (for the sp3 hybridised carbon of the ligand) show the general pattern, kappa3 < 71.5 ppm < kappa2. The electrochemical behaviour of the pyrazolylmethane complexes is related to the degree of structural change, which occurs on electron transfer and is compared with that of the pyrazolylborate analogues. The prevalence of solvent effects in heterogeneous catalysis in condensed media has motivated developing theoretical assessments of solvent structures and their interactions with reaction intermediates and transition states. Recommanded Product: 1273-94-5, you can also check out more blogs about1273-94-5

Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

Chemical research careers are more diverse than they might first appear, Recommanded Product: Vinylferrocene, as there are many different reasons to conduct research and many possible environments. In a article, mentioned the application of 1271-51-8, Name is Vinylferrocene, molecular formula is C12H3Fe

The method comprises the following steps: dissolving an olefin-based compound and a borane-based compound in a solvent, then adding a zirconium catalyst, reacting the compound in a protective atmosphere at a reaction temperature in 0~150 C a 5min~8h range of up to a reaction temperature in a range of up to a reaction temperature in a range of up to a reaction time and separating to obtain an alkenyl borate compound. The method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, high in atom economy of reaction and suitable for industrial production. (by machine translation)

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

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Treatment of [Fc-1-R1-1?-R2] (R1 = H, R2 = CH(O); R1 = H, R2 = CMe(O); R1 = R2 = CMe(O)) with LiC{triple bond, long}CCH2OLi (prepared in situ from HC{triple bond, long}CCH2OH and n-BuLi) affords the ferrocenyl-substituted but-2-yne-1,4-diol compounds of general formula [Fc-1-R1-1?-{CR(OH)C{triple bond, long}CCH2OH}] (R1 = R = H (1a); R1 = H, R = Me (1b); R1 = CMe(O), R = Me (1c)) in low to high yields, respectively (where Fc = Fe(eta5-C5H4)2). In the case of the reactions of [Fc-1-R1-1?-R2] (R1 = H, R2 = CH(O); R1 = R2 = CMe(O)), the by-products [Fc-1-R1-1?-{CR(OH)(CH2)3CH3}] (R1 = R = H (2a); R1 = CMe(O), R = Me (2c)) along with minor quantities of [Fc-1,1?-{CMe(OH)(CH2)3CH3}2] (3) are also isolated; a hydrazide derivative of dehydrated 2c, [1-(CMe{double bond, long}CHCH2CH2CH3)-1?-(CMe{double bond, long}NNH-2,4-(NO2)2C6H3)] (2c?), has been crystallographically characterised. Interaction of 1 with Co2(CO)8 smoothly generates the alkyne-bridged complexes [Fc-1-R1-1?-{Co2(CO)6-mu-eta2-CR(OH)C{triple bond, long}CCH2OH}] (R1 = R = H (4a); R1 = H, R = Me(4b); R1 = CMe(O), R = Me (4c)) in good yield. Reaction of 4a with PhSH, in the presence of catalytic quantities of HBF4 · OEt2, gives the mono- [Fc-1-H-1?-{Co2(CO)6-mu-eta2-CH(SPh)C{triple bond, long}CCH2OH}] (5) and bis-substituted [Fc-1-H-1?-{Co2(CO)6-mu-eta2-CH(SPh)C{triple bond, long}CCH2SPh}] (6) straight chain species, while with HS(CH2)nSH (n = 2,3) the eight- and nine-membered dithiomacrocylic complexes [Fc-1-H-1?-{cyclo-Co2(CO)6-mu-eta2-CH(S(CH2)n-)C{triple bond, long}CCH2S-}] [n = 2 (7a), n = 3 (7b)] are afforded. By contrast, during attempted macrocyclic formation using 4b and HSCH2CH2OCH2CH2SH dehydration occurs to give [Fc-1-H-1?-{Co2(CO)6-mu-eta2-C({double bond, long}CH2)C{triple bond, long}CCH2OH}] (8). Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies have been reported on 2c?, 4b, 4c, 7b and 8.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

Chemical research careers are more diverse than they might first appear, SDS of cas: 1293-65-8, as there are many different reasons to conduct research and many possible environments. In a article, mentioned the application of 1293-65-8, Name is 1,1′-Dibromoferrocene, molecular formula is C10Br2Fe

A Pd-catalyzed, asymmetric oxidative cross-coupling reaction between ferrocenes and heteroarenes is described. The process, which takes place via a twofold C-H bond activation pathway, proceeds with modest to high efficiencies (36-86%) and high levels of regio- and enantioselectivity (95-99% ee). In the reaction, air oxygen serves as a green oxidant and excess amounts of the coupling partners are not required. The process is the first example of a catalytic asymmetric biaryl coupling reaction that occurs via double C-H bond activation. Finally, the generated coupling products can be readily transformed into chiral ligands and catalysts.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

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New ferrocenyl-subtituted compounds containing two different central cores (isocyanurate and 1,3,5-phenylene) and extended by two kinds of branches bearing both vinyl ferrocenyl (1 and 3) and cross-conjugated ferrocenyl-chalcone (2, 4 and 5) as endgroups have been synthetized and characterized both spectroscopically and electrochemically. These molecules have been synthesized in order to investigate the electronic properties imparted by both types of branches when they are connected to the central core. For all compounds, electrochemical studies have showed a simultaneous oxidation of all ferrocene units present in each compound. For all of them, except for compound 2, a chemically reversible oxidation wave on the voltammograms has been observed. In contrast, for compound 2, a chemically irreversible oxidation wave is obtained. Moreover, the vinyl ferrocenyl derivatives have presented a lower redox peak potential with respect to ferrocene standard compound, and the ferrocenyl-chalcone bearing derivatives, in accordance with a change in the electron releasing capability of these endgroups, have been oxidized at a higher potential. Bathochromic shifts of the active transitions in Uv-Vis region have been observed, which are associated to the presence of carbonyl groups in those molecular structures containing it. These results are in agreement with theoretically calculated transition energies, which have been obtained for compounds 1 and 2 using Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT).

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

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ProtoporphyrinIX-zinc oxide (PP-ZnO) nanohybrids have been synthesized for applications in photocatalytic devices. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and steady-state infrared, absorption, and emission spectroscopies have been used to analyze the structural details and optical properties of these nanohybrids. Time-resolved fluorescence and transient absorption techniques have been applied to study the ultrafast dynamic events that are key to photocatalytic activities. The photocatalytic efficiency under visible-light irradiation in the presence of naturally abundant iron(III) and copper(II) ions has been found to be significantly retarded in the former case, but enhanced in the latter case. More importantly, femtosecond (fs) transient absorption data have clearly demonstrated that the residence of photoexcited electrons from the sensitizer PP in the centrally located iron moiety hinders ground-state bleach recovery of the sensitizer, affecting the overall photocatalytic rate of the nanohybrid. The presence of copper(II) ions, on the other hand, offers additional stability against photobleaching and eventually enhances the efficiency of photocatalysis. In addition, we have also explored the role of UV light in the efficiency of photocatalysis and have rationalized our observations from femtosecond- to picosecond-resolved studies.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

With the volume and accessibility of scientific research increasing across the world, it has never been more important to continue building the reputation for quality and ethical publishing we’ve spent the past two centuries establishing.In an article, 1273-86-5, molcular formula is C11H3FeO, belongs to iron-catalyst compound, introducing its new discovery., Application In Synthesis of Ferrocenemethanol

Covalent immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) on oxidized silicon (SiO2) surfaces is detailed in view of producing interfaces with a simple, controlled and reproducible procedure that could be used in bioanalytical applications as those based on SECM detection. The procedure is based first on the formation of an amino-terminated propyl layer on a SiO2 substrate followed by addition and cross-linking of a polyoxyethylene bis(diglycidylether) and GOx mixture. The epoxide groups of the cross-linker react with amino groups allowing both the cross-linking with the enzyme (reaction with the free amino groups of the lysine residues) and the covalent attachment of the enzyme layer on the amino groups bound to the surface. SECM in feedback mode analysis provides a characterization of the modified surface and the measurement of the enzymatic activity depending on the concentrations of glucose and mediator. Kinetics analysis indicates that GOx maintains a large enzymatic activity and that the active enzymes remain reachable after their incorporation in the layer with the advantages of a robust immobilization.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion

With the volume and accessibility of scientific research increasing across the world, it has never been more important to continue building the reputation for quality and ethical publishing we’ve spent the past two centuries establishing.In an article, 1273-86-5, molcular formula is C11H3FeO, belongs to iron-catalyst compound, introducing its new discovery., Electric Literature of 1273-86-5

The syntheses, structures, electrochemical properties of the series of ferrocenylalkyl azoles, FcAlkAz, as well as the antitumor activity of ferrocenylmethyl benzimidazole (8) have been studied. Above mentioned compounds were investigated by the method of cyclic voltametry. All of them exhibited a reversible one-electron oxidation-reduction wave owing to the ferrocene-ferrocenium redox couple with a positive shift (0.50-0.65 V) compared with that of ferrocene (0.42 V). The X-ray determination of molecular structures of 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)imidazole (4), 1-(ferrocenylbenzyl)imidazole (7) and 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)bezimidazole (8) was carried out. Compound 4 with imidazolyl substituent was found to be present in N-protonated form. Antitumor activity of 1-(ferrocenylmethyl)benzimidazole (8) against some solid tumor models such as adenocarcinoma 755 (Ca755), melanoma B16 (B16) and Lewis lung carcinoma was studied. The antitumor activity of compound 8 was compared with cisplatin effectiveness against some experimental tumor systems.

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Reference：
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis | Chemical Reviews,
Iron Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Critical Assessment of What It Takes To Make This Base Metal a Multitasking Champion